Ngenxa yokuthi awekho amazinga wamazwe ngamazwe achaza amamaki e-carbide noma izinhlelo zokusebenza, abasebenzisi kufanele bathembele ekwahluleleni kwabo siqu nolwazi oluyisisekelo ukuze baphumelele.#isisekelo
Nakuba igama le-metallurgical elithi "ibanga le-carbide" libhekisela ngokuqondile ku-tungsten carbide (WC) efakwe nge-cobalt, igama elifanayo linencazelo ebanzi ekukhiqizeni imishini: i-tungsten carbide ehlanganisiwe ehlanganiswe ne-cobalt nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.Isibonelo, ukufakwa okubili okuphendukayo okwenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo ze-carbide kodwa ezinezimbotshana ezihlukile noma ukwelapha ngemuva kokwelashwa kubhekwa njengamamaki ahlukene.Kodwa-ke, akukho ukulinganisa ekuhlukaniseni inhlanganisela ye-carbide ne-coating, ngakho-ke abahlinzeki bamathuluzi abahlukene basebenzisa ukuqokwa okuhlukile nezindlela zokuhlukanisa kumatafula ekilasi labo.Lokhu kungenza kube nzima kumsebenzisi wokugcina ukuqhathanisa amamaki, okuyinkinga enzima kakhulu uma kubhekwa ukuthi ukufaneleka kwebanga le-carbide kuhlelo olunikeziwe kungase kuthinte kakhulu izimo zokusika ezingaba khona kanye nempilo yamathuluzi.
Ukuze uzulazule kule maze, abasebenzisi kufanele baqale baqonde ukuthi i-carbide yenziwe ngani nokuthi i-elementi ngayinye ithinta kanjani izici ezihlukene zomshini.
Ukusekela kuyizinto ezingenalutho zokufaka ukusika noma ithuluzi eliqinile ngaphansi kokugqoka kanye nokwelashwa ngemva kokwelashwa.Ngokuvamile iqukethe 80-95% WC.Ukuze unikeze izinto eziyisisekelo izakhiwo ezifiselekayo, abakhiqizi bezinto ezibonakalayo bengeza izakhi ezihlukahlukene ze-alloying kuyo.Isici esiyinhloko se-alloying yi-cobalt (Co).Amazinga aphezulu e-cobalt ahlinzeka ngokuqina okukhulu futhi amazinga aphansi e-cobalt andisa ubulukhuni.Ama-substrates aqinile kakhulu angafinyelela ku-1800 HV futhi anikeze ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqoka, kodwa aqinile kakhulu futhi afaneleka kuphela izimo ezinzile kakhulu.I-substrate enamandla kakhulu inobunzima obungaba ngu-1300 HV.Lawa ma-substrates angenziwa kuphela ngomshini ngesivinini esiphansi sokusika, agqoke ngokushesha, kodwa amelana kakhulu nokusikeka okuphazamisekile nezimo ezimbi.
Ibhalansi efanele phakathi kokuqina nokuqina kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhetha ingxubevange yohlelo oluthile.Ukukhetha ibanga elinzima kakhulu kungabangela ama-microcracks eduze konqenqema lokusika noma ngisho nokwehluleka okuyinhlekelele.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amamaki anzima kakhulu aguga ngokushesha noma adinga ukuncishiswa kwejubane lokusika, okunciphisa ukukhiqiza.Ithebula 1 linikeza imihlahlandlela eyisisekelo yokukhetha i-durometer efanele:
Iningi lesimanje le-carbide elifakwayo namathuluzi e-carbide ambozwe ngefilimu encane (ama-microns ama-3 kuya kwangu-20 noma ama-intshi angu-0.0001 kuya ku-0.0007).I-coating ngokuvamile iqukethe izingqimba zekhabhoni ze-titanium nitride, i-aluminium oxide ne-titanium nitride.Lokhu kunamathela kwandisa ubulukhuni futhi kudala umgoqo oshisayo phakathi kwe-cutout ne-substrate.
Noma ithole ukuduma cishe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ukungeza ukwelashwa okungeziwe ngemuva kokumbozwa sekuphenduke indinganiso yemboni.Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ngokuvamile ziyi-sandblasting noma ezinye izindlela zokupholisha ezishelela ungqimba olungaphezulu futhi zinciphise ukungqubuzana, okunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kokushisa.Umehluko wentengo uvame ukuba mncane kakhulu futhi ezimweni eziningi kunconywa ukuba ukhethe uhlobo olulashiwe.
Ukuze ukhethe ibanga elilungile le-carbide lohlelo oluthile, bheka ikhathalogi yomphakeli noma iwebhusayithi ukuze uthole imiyalelo.Nakuba lingekho izinga elisemthethweni lamazwe ngamazwe, abathengisi abaningi basebenzisa amashadi ukuchaza ububanzi bokusebenza obunconyiwe bamabanga asekelwe “kububanzi bokusetshenziswa” obuvezwa njengenhlanganisela yezinhlamvu nezinombolo zezinhlamvu ezintathu, njenge-P05-P20.
Uhlamvu lokuqala lubonisa iqembu lezinto ze-ISO.Iqembu ngalinye lezinto ezibonakalayo linikezwa uhlamvu nombala ohambisanayo.
Izinombolo ezimbili ezilandelayo zimele ubulukhuni obuhlobene bamabanga ukusuka ku-05 ukuya ku-45 ngokunyuka kuka-5. 05 izicelo zidinga ibanga elinzima kakhulu ukuze kube nezimo ezivumayo nezizinzile.45 Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ama-alloys aqinile ezimeni ezinzima nezingazinzile.
Futhi, alikho izinga lalawa manani, ngakho kufanele ahunyushwe njengamanani ahlobene kuthebula lokugreda elithile avela kulo.Isibonelo, amamaki amakwe P10-P20 kumakhathalogi amabili avela kubahlinzeki abahlukene angase abe nobunzima obuhlukile.
Ibanga elimakwe ukuthi P10-P20 kuthebula lekilasi eliguqukayo lingase libe nobunzima obuhlukile kunebanga elimakwe ukuthi P10-P20 kutafula lekilasi lokugaya, ngisho nakukhathalogi efanayo.Lo mehluko usukela eqinisweni lokuthi izimo ezivumayo ziyahlukahluka kusuka ekusetshenzisweni kuye kwelinye.Ukuguqula imisebenzi kwenziwa kangcono ngamamaki anzima kakhulu, kodwa lapho ukugaya, izimo ezivumayo zidinga amandla athile ngenxa yemvelo ephakathi.
Ithebula lesi-3 lihlinzeka ngethebula lokucatshangelwa lama-alloys kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo ekuguquleni ukusebenza kobunzima obuhlukahlukene, okungase kufakwe kuhlu kukhathalogi yomnikezeli wamathuluzi okusika.Kulesi sibonelo, isigaba A sinconywa kuzo zonke izimo zokuphenduka, kodwa hhayi ekusikeni okuphazamisayo okunzima, kuyilapho isigaba D sinconywa ngokuphenduka okuphazamisayo okunzima nezinye izimo ezingezinhle kakhulu.Amathuluzi afana ne-MachiningDoctor.com's Grades Finder angasesha amamaki esebenzisa lesi saziso.
Njengoba nje lingekho izinga elisemthethweni lobubanzi bezitembu, alikho izinga elisemthethweni lamagama emikhiqizo.Kodwa-ke, iningi labahlinzeki abakhulu abafaka i-carbide balandela imihlahlandlela ejwayelekile yokuqokwa kwebanga labo.Amagama “akudala” akufomethi yezinhlamvu eziyisithupha ethi BBSSNN, lapho:
Incazelo engenhla ilungile ezimweni eziningi.Kodwa njengoba lokhu kungeyona indinganiso ye-ISO/ANSI, abanye abathengisi bazenzele ezabo izinguquko ohlelweni, futhi kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukuqaphela lezi zinguquko.
Ngaphezu kwanoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lokusebenza, ama-alloys adlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni ukusebenza.Ngenxa yalokhu, iphrofayela eguquliwe izoba nokukhethwa okukhulu kwamabanga lapho ihlola noma iyiphi ikhathalogi yabahlinzeki.
Uhlu olubanzi lwamabanga aguqukayo luwumphumela wezinhlobonhlobo zemisebenzi yokuguqula.Yonke into iwela kulesi sigaba, kusukela ekusikeni okuqhubekayo (lapho unqenqema lokusika luhlala luthintana nocezu lokusebenza futhi aluzwani nokushaqeka, kodwa lukhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu) kuya ekusikeni okuphazamisekile (okudala ukushaqeka okunamandla).
Ibanga elibanzi lamabanga aguqukayo liphinde lihlanganise inombolo enkulu yobubanzi bokukhiqiza, ukusuka ku-1/8″ (3 mm) wemishini yohlobo lwase-Swiss ukuya ku-100″ ukuze kusetshenziswe izimboni ezinzima.Ngenxa yokuthi isivinini sokusika siphinde sincike kububanzi, amamaki ahlukene ayadingeka alungiselelwe isivinini esiphansi noma esiphezulu sokusika.
Abahlinzeki abakhulu bavame ukunikeza uchungechunge oluhlukene lwamabanga eqenjini ngalinye lezinto ezibonakalayo.Ochungechungeni ngalunye, amabanga asukela kuzinto eziqinile ezifanele ukwenziwa kwemishini ephazamisekile ukuya kulawo afanele ukwenziwa kwemishini okuqhubekayo.
Lapho kugaywa, ibanga lamabanga anikezwayo lincane.Ngenxa yesimo esiphakathi nendawo sohlelo lokusebenza, abasiki badinga amamaki aqinile anokuqina okuphezulu.Ngesizathu esifanayo, ukugqoka kufanele kube mncane, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kumelane nomthelela.
Abahlinzeki abaningi bazogaya amaqoqo ezinto ezihlukene anama-backings aqinile nama-coatings ahlukene.
Lapho kuhlukaniswa noma kugudluzwa, ukukhetha kwebanga kukhawulelwe ngenxa yezici zejubane lokusika.Okusho ukuthi, ububanzi buba buncane njengoba ukusika kusondela phakathi nendawo.Ngakho, ijubane lokusika liyancipha kancane kancane.Lapho usika ubheke phakathi nendawo, ijubane ligcina lifinyelele ku-zero ekupheleni kokusikwa, futhi ukusebenza kuba yishear kunokuba kusike.
Ngakho-ke, amamaki asetshenziselwa ukuhlukana kufanele ahambisane nesivinini esibanzi sokusika, futhi i-substrate kufanele ibe namandla ngokwanele ukuze imelane nokugunda ekupheleni komsebenzi.
Ama-grooves angajulile ahlukile kwezinye izinhlobo.Ngenxa yokufana nokuphenduka, abathengisi abanokukhethwa okukhulu kokufakwa kwe-grooving bavame ukunikeza amamaki ahlukahlukene kakhulu kumaqembu athile abalulekile nezimo.
Lapho ubhoboza, ijubane lokusika phakathi nendawo yokubhoboza lihlala liziro, futhi isivinini sokusika endaweni ezungezile sincike kububanzi bokubhoboza kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza kwe-spindle.Amabanga alungiselelwe isivinini esikhulu sokusika awafaneleki futhi akufanele asetshenziswe.Abathengisi abaningi banikeza izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela.
Ama-Powders, izingxenye, kanye nemikhiqizo kuyindlela ehlukene izinkampani eziphusha ngayo ukukhiqiza okungeziwe.I-Carbide namathuluzi yizindawo ezihlukene zempumelelo.
Ukuthuthuka kwezinto kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukwakha isigayo sokugcina se-ceramic esenza kahle ngesivinini esiphansi sokusika futhi esiqhudelana nezigayo zokugcina ze-carbide kuzinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.Isitolo sakho singase siqale ukusebenzisa amathuluzi e-ceramic.
Izitolo eziningi zenza iphutha lokucabanga ukuthi amathuluzi athuthukile ayi-plug-and-play.Lawa mathuluzi angangena kwizibambi zamathuluzi ezikhona noma ngisho nakumaphakethe afanayo okugaya noma aphendukayo njengokufakwa kwe-carbide, kodwa kulapho ukufana kuphela khona.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-22-2023